Inequality in housing affordability in three major Polish cities in the 21st century

This presentation was delivered at the ENHR Conference 2025 in Grand Paris.

It presents how individual and household characteristics relate to the unequal distribution of housing cost burdens in Łódź, Cracow, and Warsaw (2006-2023). By assessing long-term trends in housing affordability, the research contributes to broader European debates on urban inequality and offers insights into the determinants of inequality in housing affordability in East Europe. The findings reveal that housing inequality increased in Poland in the 21st, even if the overall housing cost burden declined from 2006 to 2023. The income and tenure status of households are the main drivers of housing inequality.